کنگره بین المللی زیست فناوری گیاهان دارویی و قارچ های کوهی

صفحه اصلی / چهارمین کنگره بین المللی و پنجمین همایش ملی زیست فناوری گیاهان دارویی و قارچ های کوهی

Study on flowering and seeding systems on two Iranian important medicinal Viola sp.

نویسندگان :

Ali Ammarellou¹

1- دانشگاه زنجان

کلمات کلیدی :

flowering systems, seed setting, Violaceae.،seed setting,،Violaceae

چکیده :

Aromatic violet or medicinal violet is one of the seasonal, wild plants that generally grows at the foot of forest trees and sometimes in mountain pastures in late winter to mid-spring and has a special place in Iranian culture. In the northern regions of Iran, perhaps the only flower that sits at the top of the Haft-e-Sin tablecloth of the Iranian Nowruz celebration is fresh violet blossoms. Violet oil, which is obtained by soaking and dipping medicinal violet petals in base oils such as olive oil or sesame oil, has medicinal properties for treating coughs and colds, and is also used to increase the freshness and softness of the skin. As mentioned, all violet species in Iran are seasonal and wild, and recently there have been reports of domestication of its medicinal species at University of Zanjan and trying for its cultivation. Considering that most of the violet species introduced in Iran are based on morphological characteristics based on collection from wild habitats and the possibility of misidentifying them is not far from the mind, so in parallel with the creation of live violet collections that their vegetative and growth comparisons are possible under similar conditions, their necessity of molecular studies is essential. In this research two important Iranian medicinal violets including V. alba & . V. sieheana were selected for flowering and seeding systems. The biological traits such as growing behavior, leaf size, plant heigh, flower color, flower size, seed setting, seed size, seed number on a fruit, … were studied during 2018 to 2022. Based on our observation and morphological analysis, the V. alba with violet flowers had one time flowering in late winter to early spring as chasmogamous (CH) flowers with 5-10 seed on fruits, but V. sieheana had two flowering times in a year ( early fall and late winter) with white flowers with 15 -25 seeds on a fruit including chasmogamous, cleistogamous(CL) and semi chasmogamous flowers. This report based on repeated statistical experiments is the first in this genus.