کنگره بین المللی زیست فناوری گیاهان دارویی و قارچ های کوهی

صفحه اصلی / سومین کنگره بین المللی و چهارمین همایش ملی زیست فناوری گیاهان دارویی و قارچ های کوهی

A review of truffle species in Iran

نویسندگان :

مسعود شیبانی¹ صمد جمالی²

1- دانشگاه رازی 2- دانشگاه رازی

کلمات کلیدی :

Ectomycorrhiza, Endomycorrhiza, Iran, Desert truffles, Symbiosis

چکیده :

A review of truffle species in Iran Masoud Sheibani1 and Samad Jamali2: 1: MSc Student, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran ( masoud.sheibani@yahoo.com ) 2: Associate Prof. in Mycology, Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran (jamali454@yahoo.com) Truffles are the hypogeous fruiting bodies of Ascomycete fungi. Truffles can be divided into two types; tuber and desert truffles. They are obligate ectomycorrhiza of plants that live entirely underground in symbiosis with roots of members of some trees, mostly oaks, Cistaceae, mainly with Helianthemum species, both annual and perennial, shrubs as Cistus, and members of Cypraceae. The hypogeous ascomycete fungi (truffles) are now distributed among six Pezizalean families including Glaziellaceae, Discinaceae-Morchellaceae, Helvellaceae, Tuberaceae, Pezizaceae, and Pyronemataceae, comprising 38 genera. Tuber is a genus in the Tuberaceae family of fungi and desert truffles in other families. In Iran, due to the economic, ecological, nutritional and medicinal importance of truffles, studies began in 2014 and so far the existence of Tuber aestivum from Tuberaceae, Picoa juniperi and Picoa lefebvrei, Geopora cooperi and Geopora ramila from the family Pyronemataceae and Terfezia claveryi, Terfezia boudieri, Tirmania pinoyi and Tirmania nivea from the family Pezizaceae have been confirmed based on morphological and molecular characteristics. Further scientific research is needed to identify other species, identify symbiotic plants, cultivation and commercialize these valuable products. Keywords: Ectomycorrhiza, Endomycorrhiza, Iran, Desert truffles, Symbiosis