کنگره بین المللی زیست فناوری گیاهان دارویی و قارچ های کوهی

صفحه اصلی / پنجمین کنگره بین المللی و ششمین همایش ملی زیست فناوری گیاهان دارویی و قارچ های کوهی

The effect of the growth stage of Amaranthus retroflexus on the quantity and quality of its secondary metabolites

نویسندگان :

Zahra Alizadeh¹ Rouhollah Motafakkerazad² Seyed Yahya Salehi-Lisar³ Gholamreza Zarrini⁴

1- دانشگاه تبریز 2- دانشگاه تبریز 3- دانشگاه تبریز 4- دانشگاه تبریز

کلمات کلیدی :

Medicinal plants،Secondary metabolites،Alkans،redroot pigweed،GC/MS

چکیده :

The Amaranthaceae family, a large and cosmopolitan group, encompasses a vast array of over 175 genera and 2,000 species. Beyond their ecological presence, numerous members of this family hold substantial economic and ethnopharmacological value, being cultivated worldwide as nutritious vegetables and utilized in traditional herbal medicine systems. A key aspect of their bioactivity is attributed to their rich and diverse phytochemical composition. Among the most therapeutically relevant secondary metabolites are terpenoids, a large class of compounds renowned for their wide-ranging pharmacological effects. This study investigated the effect of vegetative, maturity, and flowering growth stages on the quality and quantity of secondary compounds in amaranth. Amaranth plants (redroot pigweed) were harvested at three growth stages from a wheat field, and their compounds were analyzed using GC-MS. The harvest at different times was associated with changes in the quantity and quality of secondary compounds in the wild amaranth plant. The majority of these compounds belonged to the groups of terpenoids, esters, and alkanes. In both the vegetative and mature plant stages, terpenes and esters were among the most abundant compounds. According to the results, the plant during the flowering and seed stage showed the highest number of compounds compared to the two previous growth stages. In this growth stage as well, terpenes were the most abundant group of compounds. The monoterpenoid Eucalyptol was identified in all three growth stages. The monoterpenoids Borneol, Linalool, and Terpinen-4-ol were common to the plants in the vegetative stage and the flowering and seed stage. The monoterpenoid Thymol, TMS derivative, was identified in the vegetative stage and the mature plant. Other terpene compounds were different in the mature plant and the flowering and seed stage plant. The area under the curve (% Peak Area) was collectively higher during the mature plant and initial flowering stages. Terpenes (26.06%), esters (7.96%), and alkanes (2.36%) showed the highest percentage of index compounds. Different growth stages throughout the plant's life cycle influence its secondary metabolite content. The concentration of secondary compounds in plants is not constant throughout their life; rather, plants alter them based on their needs under different environmental conditions.